Structural Engineers
Lately, I have been asked of what I do as a Structural Engineer. So through this post, I will explain my understanding of the world of Structures.
A lot of people think that Structural Engineering is merely a branch of Civil Engineering. It is kind of true, Civil Engineering is quite vast given its early introduction compared to other branches of Engineering. But to be fair, it should be treated as a unique branch of Engineering. Some of the concepts and theories that Civil Engineer learns is applied and extended in Structural Engineering. In India, one can go for Masters in Structural Engineering. It has a deep connection with Science and Mathematics. It is closely related to Architecture, without their infinite imagination. It is founded on logical and analytical thinking.
Given the early introduction, it has been quite researched and exploited too. Thus we have code books which is our Bible.
The work of a Structural Engineer can be put under two categories: Analysis and Design.
ANALYSIS : Structural Engineers are expected to analyse a structure how complex it may be. The analysis includes the computation of loads, distribution of the loads, study the stability of the overall structures and come up with the best possible methods of making the structure safe and reliable. The analysis differs from materials, types of structures and the different kinds of loads. In general, it is divided into Static and Dynamic Analysis. Lightly speaking, Dynamics covers the analysis due to changing loads such as wind, earthquake and blasts.
DESIGN : After the proper analysis of the structure, a Structural Engineer has to design the structure keeping in mind the safety and also the economy. It depends on the client too. Overdoing either of them eventually results in a loss. So, a balanced design approach is always preferred. Design of a structure varies as per loading conditions and materials. There are some general loading conditions, but complex structures require analysis of that sort. As per material, it can be Concrete, Steel, Masonry, Timber and Hybrid Structures. The Design of structures can also be categorised depending on the type of Structures like Bridges, Tunnels, High Rise, Nuclear Power Plants. Each being a specialisation on its own.
To make life easier, there are FEM softwares which can be used for the Analysis and Design. These are not absolute and regular checks by the Code Books is recommended.
In short, a Structural Engineer plan, analyse, design, inspect and retrofit the building through its lifetime. Structural Engineer requires study and research for the latest development in the Construction Industry.
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